This interesting site gathers a readership from the industry side of modular home building. These factory owners and officers often don't understand why Modern PreFab vendors chase after this seemingly narrow slice of the market while it is obvious that most people buy traditionally styled homes. I wrote in to offer my observations on why a business might chase after this seemingly niche market. Check it out.
Ultimately this strikes on the very reasons why we have developed a catalog of modern house plans. There is a small but strong interest in homes like these, and it is an interest largely ignored by the market. Serving this niche is just a smart strategy.
A real treat today. I just received an email from Sara and David Sage, the owners of a modular house I helped them design back in 2004. They have been in the house for about 2 years now, and they are well moved in and at home. They shared many pictures of the house which I'm posting here.
A panoramic view of the Sage home interior.
Sara and David's big goal for this house was to bring it in for $100 a square foot, no small task in the expensive Los Angeles county construction market. But they had a plan, to do copious research on their own, to get the most value out of every consultant they used, and every vendor and contractor they engaged, they resolved to build the house modular, to source their modules from a market with much lower labor cost in Utah, and to complete a good deal of the work themselves as sweat equity. It was their dream to have a modern house and I must say they succeeded on every count. From finding the best materials and vendors, to researching planting material and submitting their own landscape plan for permitting, Sara and David did it all and tracked it in detail in their blog on LiveModern.com. It was a tremendous inspiration and people cheered for them every step of the way. Its hard to know how many other people they inspired to dig their heels in and pursue their own dream of a modern house.
When the work was done, well, almost done, and the smoke had cleared I believe Sara calculated that their cost worked out to about 114$/sqft. This was pretty remarkable at a time when there were literally dozens of prefab house start-ups trying to get traction. The lament was how everything was costing much more than expected, and much more than hoped. In that milieu of dashed hopes Sara and David fought and struggled to make their house happen at a cost that was a pipe dream for the rest of the market.
The house is a reasonable 1400 sqft, 3 bedrooms, with an open kitchen, living/dining, family room space, it really is a wonderful plan that lives much larger than it appears on paper. The modular units in different colors tell the prefab story. You should be able to orient yourself to the photos using the plan. The house site is unusual in that the back yard of the house is really at the side, so the front porch wraps around to the side, and that is the main back yard like space. The rear and other side have proximity to neighbors, more like a house typically has at the sides.
My favorite thing about the design is the three spaces you see in the photos - the kitchen, living/dining, and family room are each small square rooms that overlap at their corners, each space well defined, and very open to one another. It really walks the tightrope between open plan and discrete rooms. David and Sara brought a rough version of this floor plan to the table when they hired me, so they deserve the credit for its design, my role being more to refine, and adapt it to division into modules, and to resolve the plan into the 3d massing and window placement. It was truly a collaboration of the best kind. More photos in the browser below.
The Sages have been busy and productive since their modules were set.
I received progress photos from Sara Sage about a month ago but I hesitated to post them because I wanted her to have the honor of showing the great progress they have made since the modules were set. Since Sara posted an entry to her blog a few days ago I thought I could go ahead and show some other images that she did not post.
Here is the entry side of the house, actually with less siding on it than in Sara's photos.
And here is the same side from a slightly different angle, rendered just about a year ago. The colors shown are just what we were kicking around back then and don't reflect the Sage's final choices. The engineer from Iron Townhomes managed to eliminate the overhang support beams I indicated here which made for a much cleaner look.
And here is the back side and the side facing the neighbors yard. The color you see is just the off-white primer - final color has not been applied yet.
And these same sides as rendered last year.
And here is one interior shot of the kitchen. I think they have done a great job with it.
And here is the floor plan again for reference. The kitchen is great because it is contained by walls on 2 1/2 sides and open to the house on the rest which gives a defined space, but the open plan living that makes it modern.
This is a great plan - I can boast about it shamelessly because it was the Sages that laid out this plan scheme. I helped them break it into modules, and refine the partitions but the layout is theirs. It is compact at 1400 sqft, and although it is small it has long vistas on a diagonal sight line from the kitchen to the family room. The series of rooms lay on a diagonal. open to one another at their corners makes each of the spaces feel larger than they are, discreetly defined yet open in plan.
The Sages are occupying it now and experiencing it first hand. Its satisfying to recap this project now when it has come so far. Next we will see it through to completion and the creation of the gardens that Sara planned so carefully.
The modules were set on 12 August 2005
Look Ma - no hands! See more detail on the Sage Blog
past rendering of this side of the house - colors not current.
the demand is here, the means are at hand
One of the most frequent comments about the current offerings of modern prefab houses is that they are too expensive. Yet the only prefab strategy with a mature industry - the modular home industry - was founded on and derives a large part of its business from low cost, below market rate, housing. Why can't we deliver an affordable modern prefab through this industry. We can only speculate. My feelings are the initial customer base is affluent enough to first take the risk on this new market, and second to want better - this is what these early adopters are interested in. I also believe the designers regard modular as a mechanism to deliver high quality design and materials at a lower price in what they hope will become a mass production setting. In effect raising the bar for all housing by making a level of quality that was once considered "custom" into "production". This particular mindset is disturbing to me, not because I disagree with the goals of these designers, but because I fear it threatens to sideline the entire movement of new interest in modernism. It makes me fear that we are heading towards the same old erroneous conclusion: that modernism is more expensive. I don't dispute the right or desire of these designers to create this kind of housing, nor fault the people buying it now for wanting this kind of house. I'd like the same for myself, to design nice houses using nice materials and innovative construction methods with custom solutions specific to each person. But I will say that there is a failure to serve the entire modern market here.
Since I got involved in this my goal has been to break down the barriers to building modern houses in the housing industry - basically I want it to be possible for anybody shopping for a new house in the USA to have modern as one of their choices. Thats it, a simple goal. Prefab has always seemed to me a tool to get to that point as it allows for an economy of scale at a time when demand is far apart and the market lacks the concentration that makes on-site spec building possible. But prefab is not the whole idea and I hate the idea of it crashing the whole movement.
So now the cost question is creating a road block. It seems many people are waiting for more affordable options to emerge but still there is nothing available. I am now convinced that it is possible to build a decent modern modular home for below $100/sqft. The experience I've gained through working with the Sages has made this clear and as their home comes together I can see that it would be possible for more people if they had the Sages wit and determination to make this happen for themselves. But the Sages were willing to accept many things that don't typify the current offerings in modern modular. I believe that good design does not reside in expensive finishes and materials but in how you use the palette of materials you have at hand.
Lets look at some of these items with the question in mind - are these things that I would be satisfied with in order to reach my cost goal. Keep in mind that this is a hypothetical material selections and it does not reflect the Sage's house, but is a combination of standard offerings from their manufacturer and other items which I have identified. (I will contrast these to materials we see in other prefab offerings)
Exterior of the house:
siding materials: vinyl or painted cement boards (vs galvalume, corten steel, wood) roofing materials: asphalt shingles (vs metal roofing, flat/roof deck assembly) windows: vinyl windows (vs aluminum, wood, clad wood) exterior doors: fiberglass (vs solid wood, stainless steel)
Interior of the house:
wall finishes: painted gypsum wall board major floor finishes: sheet flooring, carpet (vs hardwood, bamboo) kitchen cabinets: knock-down cabinets like Ikea (vs solid wood construction) kitchen countertops: plastic laminate (vs solid surfacing as corian, stone) custom casework: knock-down casework like Ikea (vs custom fabrications) bathroom fixtures: american standard brand (vs Kohler or other up-market fixture) bathroom finishes: sheet flooring (vs ceramic tile) interior doors: masonite faced (vs solid wood, wood veneered)
Is this is the reality of building at this price point? The Sage's house will be between 60-70$/sqft with the addition of a good amount of sweat equity on their part. If all of their self installed materials happened in the factory they would be looking at between 90-100$sqft. Many of the materials in my hypothetical list are less expensive than the Sage's choices. So it is clear we can reach this today, readily. We know at least that much with this factory.
What's stopping us from going there?
I think a group of us can go there now. Is anyone willing to discuss this further?
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The discussion of this entry here really went over the top and overwhelmed the commenting system of the original post on the LiveModern blog, so I created a topic in the Dwell Forums where the discussion could continue.
Please continue the discussion in the forums after you have read the comments here.